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Though Socrates left no written works, there were many ancient accounts of his life and his philosophy.
The most important of the surviving accounts are from three contemporaries (the comic poet Aristophanes, the historian
Xenophon, and the philosopher Plato) along with two later Greek biographers: Plutarch (1st cent. AD) and Diogenes
Laertius (3rd cent. AD). The "Socratic Problem" is to determine from those varying accounts what Socrates actually
said and believed. We know that Socrates was an eccentric and often irritating gadfly, who went about Athens engaging
others in philosophical conversation. He rolled his eyes and cocked his head backwards as he walked, usually barefoot
and in tattered clothes; his persistent questioning exposed the contradictions in people's claims of knowledge. Socrates
himself never claimed definitive knowledge, but he made many enemies among those he refuted and embarrassed. His
careful, logical questioning has become known as the "Socratic method of teaching," and it later became a major
alternative to the traditional lecture method.
Socrates believed that even when we strive to lead the "examined life," we cannot definitively establish truth or absolute
knowledge; we can only refute wrong thinking. He was interested in religion as it applies to moral virtue, affirming that the
condition of one's soul is related to the "most important things" (such as justice, truth, and piety). Socrates said we must
simply live a life of reason in an effort to determine which views are better than others. In 399 BC, Socrates was brought
to trial on a charge of impiety. He was sentenced to death, which he accepted in obedience to the rule of law. Socrates
spent his last day in philosophical conversation with friends before carrying out his sentence by drinking extract of hemlock.
Lynchburg College
Hegel in 90 MinutesWritten By : Paul StrathernNarrated By : Robert WhitfieldPublished By : Blackstone Audio IncRuntime : 1 hour 30 minutesCategories : PhilosophyPrice : $19.95 $9.95
In Hegel in 90 Minutes, Paul Strathern offers a concise, expert account of Hegel's life and ideas and explains their influence on man's struggle to understand his existence in the world. More info...
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Heidegger in 90 MinutesWritten By : Paul StrathernNarrated By : Robert WhitfieldPublished By : Blackstone Audio IncRuntime : 1 hour 30 minutesCategories : PhilosophyPrice : $19.95 $9.95
In Heidegger in 90 Minutes, Paul Strathern offers a concise, expert account of Heidegger's life and ideas and explains their influence on man's struggle to understand his existence in the world. More info...
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Thus Spoke ZarathustraWritten By : Friedrich NietzscheNarrated By : Alex Jennings with Jon CartwrightPublished By : Select Music & DistributionRuntime : 5 hours 20 minutesCategories : Philosophy
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Descartes, Bacon and Modern PhilosophyWritten By : Professor Jeffrey TlumakNarrated By : Lynn RedgravePublished By : Blackstone Audio IncRuntime : 3 hoursCategories : PhilosophyPrice : $12.95
Rene' Descartes (1596-1650), the father of modern rationalism, abandoned traditional paths to knowledge and developed a new method of seeking truth. Descartes doubted everything to eliminate precon... More info...
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Plato In 90 MinutesWritten By : Paul StrathernNarrated By : Robert WhitfieldPublished By : Blackstone Audio IncRuntime : 2 hoursCategories : PhilosophyPrice : $14.95 $9.95
In an age when philosophers had scarcely glimpsed the horizons of the mind, a boy named Aristocles decided to forgo his ambitions as a wrestler. Adopting the nickname Plato, he embarked instead on... More info...
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